Canine Hyperadrenocorticism / Hypoadrenocorticism (Cortisol)
Canine cortisol measurement supports screening and monitoring for hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome) and hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease). A single resting cortisol value is rarely diagnostic because cortisol is pulsatile and stress-responsive; dynamic testing such as the ACTH stimulation test or low-dose dexamethasone suppression test is required for confirmation. Point-of-care quantitative testing allows cortisol values to be returned during the same consultation.
Fact Table
| Species | Canine |
|---|---|
| Biomarkers | Canine Cortisol |
| Tests |
Clinical Context
Canine cortisol measurement supports screening and monitoring for hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome) and hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease). A single resting cortisol value is rarely diagnostic because cortisol is pulsatile and stress-responsive; dynamic testing such as the ACTH stimulation test or low-dose dexamethasone suppression test is required for confirmation. Point-of-care quantitative testing allows cortisol values to be returned during the same consultation.
Interpretation should combine the quantitative result with the patient's signalment, history, clinical signs, vaccination or treatment history where relevant, and any other laboratory findings. A single value is rarely diagnostic on its own; serial measurements often provide more useful information.
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2026-09-12
MEDIUM
FAQ
Can a single cortisol test diagnose Cushing's disease?
No. Cortisol is pulsatile and stress-responsive, so a single resting value overlaps between normal, stressed, and hyperadrenocorticoid dogs. Diagnosing Cushing's requires dynamic testing — the ACTH stimulation test or the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST).
How is Addison's disease screened?
A basal (resting) cortisol below 2 µg/dL is highly suggestive of Addison's disease and warrants an ACTH stimulation test to confirm. A basal cortisol above 2 µg/dL makes Addison's unlikely, so further testing is usually unnecessary.
How long does a cortisol workup take?
With in-clinic quantitative immunofluorescence testing, the ACTH stimulation test (two samples) or LDDST (three timed samples) can be completed the same day, with each cortisol value returning in about 15 minutes.
What sample is used for quantitative cortisol testing?
The quantitative cortisol test is performed using serum or plasma (EDTA anticoagulant recommended).